Chainsaw maintenance encompasses the regular inspection, cleaning, adjustment, and replacement of components to keep the saw operating safely and efficiently. A well-maintained chainsaw starts easily, cuts straight, and places less strain on the operator. Maintenance tasks are divided into pre-use checks, periodic servicing, and seasonal storage procedures. Most maintenance can be performed by the operator with basic tools, though chain sharpening and carburetor adjustment require specialized skill or equipment.
Pre-use maintenance includes checking chain tension, chain lubrication oil, bar oil, fuel level, and air filter condition. The chain must be tensioned so it snaps back against the bar when pulled 3 to 4 millimeters (1/8 inch) away from the bar groove. The chain brake should be tested before each use by starting the saw and pushing the brake lever forward, which should stop the chain instantly.
Periodic maintenance includes chain sharpening, bar inspection and flipping, air filter cleaning, spark plug replacement, and fuel filter replacement. The chain is sharpened when the saw produces fine dust instead of chips, requires excessive pressure to cut, or pulls to one side. A round file matching the chain pitch (typically 4.0 to 5.5 millimeters or 5/32 to 7/32 inch) is used at the manufacturer's specified filing angle, usually 25 to 35 degrees.
For storage longer than 30 days, the fuel tank should be emptied or treated with fuel stabilizer. The chain and bar are cleaned and lightly oiled. The air filter is cleaned, and the spark plug is removed with a small amount of oil poured into the cylinder before slowly pulling the starter cord to distribute it. The saw is stored in a dry location. Small Engine Repair principles apply to chainsaw engines.
Maintenance must be performed with the engine off and the spark plug disconnected. The chain is extremely sharp, and cut-resistant gloves are recommended for handling it. Bar oil and gasoline are flammable and should be handled away from ignition sources. Chainsaw Safety covers the personal protective equipment and operating procedures necessary for safe chainsaw use.