Raspberry (Rubus idaeus) is a perennial bramble in the Rosaceae family. It is grown for its aggregate fruits, which are composed of many small drupelets. Red raspberries are the most common, but yellow, purple, and black varieties exist. Raspberries are native to Europe, Asia, and North America.
Raspberries have been collected from the wild since ancient times. Cultivation began in Europe during the Middle Ages. The first named American varieties were developed in the 19th century. Modern breeding programs have produced primocane-fruiting (everbearing) varieties that produce fruit on first-year canes.
Raspberries are consumed fresh, frozen, processed into jams and jellies, and used in baked goods. They are a excellent source of vitamin C, manganese, and dietary fiber.
Raspberries are harvested when they separate easily from the receptacle and are fully colored. They do not continue to ripen after picking. Harvesting is done every 2 to 3 days during peak season. Raspberries are highly perishable and stored in the refrigerator for 2 to 3 days. For long-term storage, they are frozen on a tray and then transferred to freezer bags.
Raspberries are grown on a trellis system with two to three wires for cane support. Floricane varieties produce fruit on second-year canes, which are removed after fruiting. Primocane varieties produce fruit on first-year canes and are cut to the ground in winter. Raspberries are susceptible to fungal diseases and are grown in well-drained soil with good air circulation.