Goat shelter provides protection from extreme weather, predators, and disease. Goats require shelter that is dry, well-ventilated, and draft-free at goat level. The minimum indoor space is 1.0 to 1.5 square meters (10 to 15 square feet) per adult goat, with additional space required for pregnant does and kids. Shelters can range from simple three-sided sheds to fully enclosed barns, depending on climate and herd size.
The shelter should face away from prevailing winds, with the open side oriented to the south or east in cold climates. Ventilation is provided through ridge vents or high windows that allow moisture to escape without creating drafts. Goats are sensitive to dampness, and poor ventilation leads to respiratory diseases. The floor should be well-drained, using compacted gravel, concrete, or a deep litter system of Bedding over packed earth. Concrete floors are easiest to clean but require thick bedding for comfort.
Hay racks and feeding areas should be elevated to prevent contamination and reduce waste. Standard rack height is 45 to 60 centimeters (18 to 24 inches) above the floor. Water containers must be positioned to prevent contamination and tipping. Loose mineral feeders are provided in a covered area to keep them dry. Kidning pens of 1.5 by 1.5 meters (5 by 5 feet) are set up in a clean, quiet area of the shelter for does close to giving birth.
Goats require a securely fenced exercise area attached to the shelter. The enclosure must have Fence Building at least 1.2 meters (4 feet) high for most breeds, with smaller mesh sizes to prevent heads from becoming stuck. The Electric Fencing system for goats typically uses 5 to 6 strands of high-tensile wire or netting. A covered loafing area adjacent to the shelter provides outdoor access during wet weather.